Process for the wet spinning of flax, hemp, and other textile fibers



Patented Jan. 20, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE:

GBIGORI PETROFF, OF MOSCOW, UNION OF SOCIALIST SOVIET BEPUBLICS,ASSIGl-VOR or onnnanr 'ro BEIEUIBLICS NIOOLAI ALEXEEFE, OF MOSCOW, UNIONOF SOCIALIST SOVIET,

rnocnssron ran wnr srnmme or FLAX, mmr, AND mm rnx'rrnn rnsnns HoDrawing. Application filed Kay 20, 1927, Serial No. 198,074, and inUnion of Socialist Soviet Republics December 21, 1926.

A process for the wet spinning of flax, hemp and other textile fibers isknown, in which the wet spinning is facilitated by introducing into thewater substances capable ,r of forming an emulsion and of increasingthemoistening capacity of the water,- thus rendering it possible to work atconsiderably lower temperatures and even without preheating as isotherwise usual. Such sub- :c stances are sulphonic acids obtained bythe sulphonating of fats, high molecular sulphoaromatic fatty acids, aswell as salts of all these aromatic acids.

Accordingto the present invention it is possible to use for increasingthe moistening capacity of the water, not only the acids and saltsreferred to above, but also their free acids and other salts andcorresponding acids, viz. sulphonic acids of the aromatic compounds withor without hydrocarbon side chains, sulphonic acids of hydrogenatedaromatic hydrocarbons or their derivatives such as 'for instanceocto-hydroanthracene sulphonic acid, naphtha sulphonic acids, or fattyaromatic acids, sulphonic acids of other hydrocarbons and theirderivatives and esecially sulphonic acids, which are obtained y thesulphonation of aromatic, hydroaromatic or naphtha hydrocarbons in thepresence of some alcohols, such as for example propyl, butyl, isopropylalcohol or the like, or y various salts of all the said acids and alsosolutions of the fat acids in the alcohols.

In addition according to the present invenuon the same purpose can alsobe served by sulphonated distillates of coal-tar, naphtha tar or shaletar, sulphonated hydrocarbons or derivatives of the same, sulphonatedglycerides and sulphonated fatty' acids, as

well as emulsions, solutions and mixture of.

these substances, and of the above mentioned acids and salts withterpenes, aromatic or hydro-aromatic hydrocarbons or their decresols, aswell as with fatty acids, such as for instance acetic acid, formic acidor with the alcohols dissolved in water.

When very small proportions by weight of these substances are introducedinto the rivatives, such as for instance phenols or moistening water (inmany cases 0.05% is *sufiicient) the yarn obtained is considerably moreuniform, cleaner and lighter.

Experiments have also shown that by adding the said substances to thewater, it

is possible to reduce more or less the requisite temperature of theliquid according to the nature of the fibers to be treated and- .theproperties of the added reagents. For instance by adding 0.05% ofneutralized Kontakt (naphtha-sulphonic acids) the wet spinning can becarried out at an ordinary temperature (about 1520 C.) that is to saywithout pre-heating. v

At the same time it is possible to work either with ordinary wetspinning machines or the slubbing may for instance be moistened first ofall on the bobbins and spinning continued without passing through thewater.

The reduction of the temperature for wet spinning to room temperaturedispenses with the necessity of steam pipes, as well as the attendanceon the latter and eliminates all the difliculties' and detrimentaleifects involved in spinning with hot water.

The reduction of the temperature in most cases also increases thestrength of the yarn. The addition of the said reagents to the wateralso has other advantages,- insofar as during the wetting of the yarn,some of the impurities in the same are washed out as a result of thegood washing capacity of the reagents, and the spun thread is muchcleaner and whiter.

Moreover the pectins, shive, fats and otherreduces the loss in strengthof the product J during further treatment. v

The phrase increasingthe moi'stening capacity of the water as occurringin the claims is to be understood to imply the imparting to the ordinarytechnical hard water the capacity of a quicker penetration of fibrousmaterials and a better removal therefrom of water-soluble substances.The substances, which impart to the technical water the capacity ofquickly penetrating fibrous material and extracting soluble substancestherefrom, are sulfo-acids and their salts which are indicated in theapplication.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is 1. In the wet spinning of textile fibers the method ofincreasing the moistening capacity of the water which comprises addingto the water a very small amount of an aromatic sulphonic acid having amean molecular weight not over 350.

2. In the wet spinning of textile fibers the method of increasing themoistening capacity of the water which comprises adding to the water avery small amount of a naphthalene sulphonic acid having a meanmolecular weight not over 350.

3. In the process of wet spinning textile fibers, the step whichcomprises subjecting the fibers to the action of an aqueous mediumcontaining a small amount of an aromatic sulphonic acid and its saltshaving a mean molecular weight not over 350 to facilitate the wettingaction of the water.

4. In the process of wet spinning textile fibers, the step whichcomprises subjecting the fibers to the action of an aqueous mediumcontaining a small amount of a naphthalene sulphonic acid having a meanmolecular weight not over 350 to facilitate the wetting action of thewater.

In testimony whereof I aflix mysignature.

GRIGORI PETROFF.

